๐ US Elections: How do they work?
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ด๋ค ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ์งํ๋ ๊น์?
The election process in the U.S. can be quite complicated. Presidential elections are held every four years on the first Tuesday after November 1st.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ์ ๊ฑฐ ์ ์ฐจ๋ ์๋นํ ๋ณต์กํด ๋ณด์ด์ฃ . ๋ํต๋ น ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ 4๋
๋ง๋ค 11์ 1์ผ ์ดํ ์ฒซ ๋ฒ์งธ ํ์์ผ์ ์ค์ํฉ๋๋ค.
There are many political parties, but the main two parties are the Democrats and the Republicans. Since many people want to be president, each party needs to select their candidate. They do this at caucuses and primary elections. After this, each party holds a national convention where they choose their candidate.
์ฌ๋ฌ ์ ๋น์ด ์์ง๋ง ์ฃผ์ ์ ๋น์ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋น๊ณผ ๊ณตํ๋น์
๋๋ค. ๋ํต๋ น์ด ๋๊ณ ์ถ์ ์ฌ๋์ด ๋ง๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์ ๋น์ ํ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ ์ถํด์ผ ํ๋๋ฐ์. ์ด ๊ณผ์ ์์ ๋น์ ์งํ์ ์๋น์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ํํฉ๋๋ค. ๊ทธ ํ ๊ฐ ์ ๋น์ ์ ๋น๋ํ๋ฅผ ์ด์ด ์ต์ข
ํ๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ์ ํ์ฃ .
Finally, itโs time for the general election. At this time, all registered voters can vote for the candidate that they want to win. Although they vote for a candidate, they are technically voting for electors.
๋๋์ด ์ด์ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ ์์๋ฉ๋๋ค. ํ์ฌ ๋ฑ๋ก๋ ๋ชจ๋ ์ ๊ถ์๋ ๋น์ ๋๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ๋ ํ๋ณด์์๊ฒ ํฌํํ ์ ์์ด์. ํ๋ณด์์๊ฒ ํฌํํ๋ค๊ณ ํ์ง๋ง, ์๋ฐํ ๋งํ๋ฉด ์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋จ์๊ฒ ํฌํํ๋ ๊ฒ์
๋๋ค.
How many electors each state has is mostly based on the population size of the state. The electors then cast their votes for president. The electors should follow what the people have said, but sometimes they donโt.
๊ฐ ์ฃผ์ ์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋จ ์๋ ๋๋ถ๋ถ ํด๋น ์ฃผ์ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ท๋ชจ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ ๋๋๋ฐ์. ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฒ ๋ฝํ ์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋จ์ด ๋ํต๋ น์๊ฒ ํฌํํฉ๋๋ค. ์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋จ์ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ์ผ ํ์ง๋ง ๊ทธ๋ ์ง ์์ ๋๋ ์์ด์.
This is why some candidates win the popular vote but still lose the election. Whoever gets the majority of electoral college votes (270 or more) wins the election.
์ด ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ธ๊ธฐ ํฌํ์์ ์ด๊ฒผ์ง๋ง [=๋ํ์๊ฐ ๋ ๋ง์์ง๋ง] ์ ๊ฑฐ์์๋ ํจ๋ฐฐํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋จ์ ๊ณผ๋ฐ์(270๋ช
์ด์)๋ฅผ ๋ํํ ํ๋ณด๊ฐ ๋น์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค. |